settings.cpp

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/*
 * This file is part of OpenTTD.
 * OpenTTD is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, version 2.
 * OpenTTD is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
 * See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with OpenTTD. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/old-licenses/gpl-2.0>.
 */

 
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <charconv>
#include "core/string_consumer.hpp"
#include "settings_table.h"
#include "debug.h"
#include "currency_func.h"
#include "network/network.h"
#include "network/network_func.h"
#include "network/core/config.h"
#include "command_func.h"
#include "console_func.h"
#include "genworld.h"
#include "string_func.h"
#include "strings_func.h"
#include "window_func.h"
#include "company_func.h"
#include "rev.h"
#include "error.h"
#include "gamelog.h"
#include "settings_func.h"
#include "ini_type.h"
#include "ai/ai_config.hpp"
#include "game/game_config.hpp"
#include "newgrf_config.h"
#include "picker_func.h"
#include "newgrf_badge_config.h"
#include "base_media_base.h"
#include "base_media_graphics.h"
#include "fios.h"
#include "fileio_func.h"
#include "settings_cmd.h"
 
#include "table/strings.h"
 
#include "safeguards.h"
 
ClientSettings _settings_client;
GameSettings _settings_game;     
GameSettings _settings_newgame;  
VehicleDefaultSettings _old_vds; 
std::string _config_file; 
std::string _private_file; 
std::string _secrets_file; 
std::string _favs_file; 
 
static ErrorList _settings_error_list; 

static auto &GenericSettingTables()
{
  static const SettingTable _generic_setting_tables[] = {
    _difficulty_settings,
    _economy_settings,
    _game_settings,
    _gui_settings,
    _linkgraph_settings,
    _locale_settings,
    _multimedia_settings,
    _network_settings,
    _news_display_settings,
    _pathfinding_settings,
    _script_settings,
    _world_settings,
  };
  return _generic_setting_tables;
}

static auto &PrivateSettingTables()
{
  static const SettingTable _private_setting_tables[] = {
    _network_private_settings,
  };
  return _private_setting_tables;
}

static auto &SecretSettingTables()
{
  static const SettingTable _secrets_setting_tables[] = {
    _network_secrets_settings,
  };
  return _secrets_setting_tables;
}
 
using SettingDescProc = void(IniFile &ini, const SettingTable &desc, std::string_view grpname, void *object, bool only_startup);
using SettingDescProcList = void(IniFile &ini, std::string_view grpname, StringList &list);
 
static bool IsSignedVarMemType(VarType vt)
{
  switch (vt.mem) {
    case VarMemType::I8:
    case VarMemType::I16:
    case VarMemType::I32:
    case VarMemType::I64:
      return true;
 
    default:
      return false;
  }
}

class ConfigIniFile : public IniFile {
private:
  static inline const IniGroupNameList list_group_names = {
    "bans",
    "newgrf",
    "servers",
    "server_bind_addresses",
    "server_authorized_keys",
    "rcon_authorized_keys",
    "admin_authorized_keys"
  };
 
public:
  ConfigIniFile(const std::string &filename) : IniFile(list_group_names)
  {
    this->LoadFromDisk(filename, Subdirectory::None);
  }
};

enum IniFileVersion : uint32_t {
  IFV_0,                                                 
  IFV_PRIVATE_SECRETS,                                   
  IFV_GAME_TYPE,                                         
  IFV_LINKGRAPH_SECONDS,                                 
  IFV_NETWORK_PRIVATE_SETTINGS,                          
 
  IFV_AUTOSAVE_RENAME,                                   
  IFV_RIGHT_CLICK_CLOSE,                                 
  IFV_REMOVE_GENERATION_SEED,                            
  IFV_DEFAULT_RAIL_ROAD,                                 
 
  IFV_MAX_VERSION,       
};
 
const uint16_t INIFILE_VERSION = (IniFileVersion)(IFV_MAX_VERSION - 1); 

std::optional<int32_t> IntSettingDesc::ParseSingleValue(std::string_view str, int32_t min, uint32_t max)
{
  StringConsumer consumer{str};
  /* The actual settings value might be int32 or uint32. Read as int64 and just cast away the high bits. */
  auto value = consumer.TryReadIntegerBase<int64_t>(10);
  /* check if it's an integer */
  if (!value.has_value()) return std::nullopt;
 
  if (value < min || value > max) {
    return std::nullopt;
  }
  return value;
}

std::optional<uint32_t> OneOfManySettingDesc::ParseSingleValue(std::string_view str, std::span<const std::string_view> many)
{
  StringConsumer consumer{str};
  auto digit = consumer.TryReadIntegerBase<uint32_t>(10);
  /* check if it's an integer */
  if (digit.has_value()) return digit;
 
  auto it = std::ranges::find(many, str);
  if (it == many.end()) return std::nullopt;
  return static_cast<uint32_t>(it - many.begin());
}

std::optional<bool> BoolSettingDesc::ParseSingleValue(std::string_view str)
{
  if (str == "true" || str == "on" || str == "1") return true;
  if (str == "false" || str == "off" || str == "0") return false;
 
  return std::nullopt;
}

static std::optional<uint32_t> LookupManyOfMany(std::span<const std::string_view> many, std::string_view str)
{
  static const std::string_view separators{" \t|"};
 
  uint32_t res = 0;
  StringConsumer consumer{str};
  while (consumer.AnyBytesLeft()) {
    /* skip "whitespace" */
    consumer.SkipUntilCharNotIn(separators);
 
    std::string_view value = consumer.ReadUntilCharIn(separators);
    if (value.empty()) break;
 
    auto r = OneOfManySettingDesc::ParseSingleValue(value, many);
    if (!r.has_value()) return r;
 
    SetBit(res, *r); // value found, set it
  }
  return res;
}

static std::optional<std::vector<uint32_t>> ParseIntList(std::string_view str)
{
  bool comma = false; // do we accept comma?
  std::vector<uint32_t> result;
 
  StringConsumer consumer{str};
  for (;;) {
    consumer.SkipUntilCharNotIn(StringConsumer::WHITESPACE_NO_NEWLINE);
    if (!consumer.AnyBytesLeft()) break;
    if (comma && consumer.ReadIf(",")) {
      /* commas are optional, but we only accept one between values */
      comma = false;
      continue;
    }
    auto v = consumer.TryReadIntegerBase<uint32_t>(10);
    if (!v.has_value()) return std::nullopt;
    result.push_back(*v);
    comma = true;
  }
 
  /* If we have read comma but no number after it, fail.
   * We have read comma when (n != 0) and comma is not allowed */
  if (!result.empty() && !comma) return std::nullopt;
 
  return result;
}

static bool LoadIntList(std::optional<std::string_view> str, void *array, int nelems, VarMemType type)
{
  size_t elem_size = SlVarSize(type);
  std::byte *p = static_cast<std::byte *>(array);
  if (!str.has_value()) {
    std::fill_n(p, nelems * elem_size, static_cast<std::byte>(0));
    return true;
  }
 
  auto opt_items = ParseIntList(*str);
  if (!opt_items.has_value() || opt_items->size() != (size_t)nelems) return false;
 
  for (auto item : *opt_items) {
    WriteValue(p, type, item);
    p += elem_size;
  }
  return true;
}

std::string ListSettingDesc::FormatValue(const void *object) const
{
  const uint8_t *p = static_cast<const uint8_t *>(GetVariableAddress(object, this->save));
 
  std::string result;
  for (size_t i = 0; i != this->save.length; i++) {
    int64_t v;
    switch (this->save.conv.mem) {
      case VarMemType::Bool:
      case VarMemType::I8:  v = *(const   int8_t *)p; p += 1; break;
      case VarMemType::U8:  v = *(const  uint8_t *)p; p += 1; break;
      case VarMemType::I16: v = *(const  int16_t *)p; p += 2; break;
      case VarMemType::U16: v = *(const uint16_t *)p; p += 2; break;
      case VarMemType::I32: v = *(const  int32_t *)p; p += 4; break;
      case VarMemType::U32: v = *(const uint32_t *)p; p += 4; break;
      default: NOT_REACHED();
    }
    if (i != 0) result += ',';
    format_append(result, "{}", v);
  }
  return result;
}
 
std::string OneOfManySettingDesc::FormatSingleValue(uint id) const
{
  if (id >= this->many.size()) {
    return fmt::format("{}", id);
  }
  return std::string{this->many[id]};
}
 
std::string OneOfManySettingDesc::FormatValue(const void *object) const
{
  uint id = (uint)this->Read(object);
  return this->FormatSingleValue(id);
}
 
std::string ManyOfManySettingDesc::FormatValue(const void *object) const
{
  uint bitmask = (uint)this->Read(object);
  if (bitmask == 0) {
    return {};
  }
 
  std::string result;
  for (uint id : SetBitIterator(bitmask)) {
    if (!result.empty()) result += '|';
    result += this->FormatSingleValue(id);
  }
  return result;
}

int32_t IntSettingDesc::ParseValue(std::string_view str) const
{
  StringConsumer consumer{str};
  /* The actual settings value might be int32 or uint32. Read as int64 and just cast away the high bits. */
  auto value = consumer.TryReadIntegerBase<int64_t>(10);
  if (!value.has_value()) {
    _settings_error_list.emplace_back(
      GetEncodedString(STR_CONFIG_ERROR),
      GetEncodedString(STR_CONFIG_ERROR_INVALID_VALUE, str, this->GetName()));
    return this->GetDefaultValue();
  }
  if (consumer.AnyBytesLeft()) {
    _settings_error_list.emplace_back(
      GetEncodedString(STR_CONFIG_ERROR),
      GetEncodedString(STR_CONFIG_ERROR_TRAILING_CHARACTERS, this->GetName()));
  }
  return static_cast<int32_t>(*value);
}
 
int32_t OneOfManySettingDesc::ParseValue(std::string_view str) const
{
  auto r = OneOfManySettingDesc::ParseSingleValue(str, this->many);
  /* if the first attempt of conversion from string to the appropriate value fails,
   * look if we have defined a converter from old value to new value. */
  if (!r.has_value() && this->many_cnvt != nullptr) r = this->many_cnvt(str);
  if (r.has_value()) return *r; // and here goes converted value
 
  _settings_error_list.emplace_back(
    GetEncodedString(STR_CONFIG_ERROR),
    GetEncodedString(STR_CONFIG_ERROR_INVALID_VALUE, str, this->GetName()));
  return this->GetDefaultValue();
}
 
int32_t ManyOfManySettingDesc::ParseValue(std::string_view str) const
{
  auto r = LookupManyOfMany(this->many, str);
  if (r.has_value()) return *r;
 
  _settings_error_list.emplace_back(
    GetEncodedString(STR_CONFIG_ERROR),
    GetEncodedString(STR_CONFIG_ERROR_INVALID_VALUE, str, this->GetName()));
  return this->GetDefaultValue();
}
 
int32_t BoolSettingDesc::ParseValue(std::string_view str) const
{
  auto r = BoolSettingDesc::ParseSingleValue(str);
  if (r.has_value()) return *r;
 
  _settings_error_list.emplace_back(
    GetEncodedString(STR_CONFIG_ERROR),
    GetEncodedString(STR_CONFIG_ERROR_INVALID_VALUE, str, this->GetName()));
  return this->GetDefaultValue();
}

StringID IntSettingDesc::GetTitle() const
{
  return this->get_title_cb != nullptr ? this->get_title_cb(*this) : this->str;
}

StringID IntSettingDesc::GetHelp() const
{
  return this->get_help_cb != nullptr ? this->get_help_cb(*this) : this->str_help;
}

std::pair<StringParameter, StringParameter> IntSettingDesc::GetValueParams(int32_t value) const
{
  if (this->get_value_params_cb != nullptr) {
    return this->get_value_params_cb(*this, value);
  }
 
  if (this->IsBoolSetting()) {
    return {value != 0 ? STR_CONFIG_SETTING_ON : STR_CONFIG_SETTING_OFF, {}};
  }
 
  if (this->flags.Test(SettingFlag::GuiDropdown)) {
    auto [min_val, _] = this->GetRange();
    return {this->str_val - min_val + value, value};
  }
 
  return {this->str_val + ((value == 0 && this->flags.Test(SettingFlag::GuiZeroIsSpecial)) ? 1 : 0), value};
}

int32_t IntSettingDesc::GetDefaultValue() const
{
  return this->get_def_cb != nullptr ? this->get_def_cb(*this) : this->def;
}

std::tuple<int32_t, uint32_t> IntSettingDesc::GetRange() const
{
  return this->get_range_cb != nullptr ? this->get_range_cb(*this) : std::tuple(this->min, this->max);
}

void IntSettingDesc::MakeValueValidAndWrite(const void *object, int32_t val) const
{
  this->MakeValueValid(val);
  this->Write(object, val);
}

void IntSettingDesc::MakeValueValid(int32_t &val) const
{
  auto [min_val, max_val] = this->GetRange();
  /* We need to take special care of the uint32_t type as we receive from the function
   * a signed integer. While here also bail out on 64-bit settings as those are not
   * supported. Unsigned 8 and 16-bit variables are safe since they fit into a signed
   * 32-bit variable
   * TODO: Support 64-bit settings/variables; requires 64 bit over command protocol! */
  switch (this->save.conv.mem) {
    case VarMemType::Null: return;
    case VarMemType::Bool:
    case VarMemType::I8:
    case VarMemType::U8:
    case VarMemType::I16:
    case VarMemType::U16:
    case VarMemType::I32: {
      /* Override the minimum value. No value below this->min, except special value 0 */
      if (!this->flags.Test(SettingFlag::GuiZeroIsSpecial) || val != 0) {
        if (!this->flags.Test(SettingFlag::GuiDropdown)) {
          /* Clamp value-type setting to its valid range */
          val = Clamp(val, min_val, max_val);
        } else if (val < min_val || val > static_cast<int32_t>(max_val)) {
          /* Reset invalid discrete setting (where different values change gameplay) to its default value */
          val = this->GetDefaultValue();
        }
      }
      break;
    }
    case VarMemType::U32: {
      /* Override the minimum value. No value below this->min, except special value 0 */
      uint32_t uval = static_cast<uint32_t>(val);
      if (!this->flags.Test(SettingFlag::GuiZeroIsSpecial) || uval != 0) {
        if (!this->flags.Test(SettingFlag::GuiDropdown)) {
          /* Clamp value-type setting to its valid range */
          uval = ClampU(uval, min_val, max_val);
        } else if (uval < static_cast<uint32_t>(min_val) || uval > max_val) {
          /* Reset invalid discrete setting to its default value */
          uval = static_cast<uint32_t>(this->GetDefaultValue());
        }
      }
      val = static_cast<int32_t>(uval);
      return;
    }
    case VarMemType::I64:
    case VarMemType::U64:
    default: NOT_REACHED();
  }
}

void IntSettingDesc::Write(const void *object, int32_t val) const
{
  void *ptr = GetVariableAddress(object, this->save);
  WriteValue(ptr, this->save.conv.mem, static_cast<int64_t>(val));
}

int32_t IntSettingDesc::Read(const void *object) const
{
  void *ptr = GetVariableAddress(object, this->save);
  return static_cast<int32_t>(ReadValue(ptr, this->save.conv.mem));
}

void StringSettingDesc::MakeValueValid(std::string &str) const
{
  if (this->max_length == 0 || str.size() < this->max_length) return;
 
  /* In case a maximum length is imposed by the setting, the length
   * includes the '\0' termination for network transfer purposes.
   * Also ensure the string is valid after chopping of some bytes. */
  str.erase(this->max_length - 1, std::string::npos);
  StrMakeValidInPlace(str, {});
}

void StringSettingDesc::Write(const void *object, std::string_view str) const
{
  reinterpret_cast<std::string *>(GetVariableAddress(object, this->save))->assign(str);
}

const std::string &StringSettingDesc::Read(const void *object) const
{
  return *reinterpret_cast<std::string *>(GetVariableAddress(object, this->save));
}

static void IniLoadSettings(IniFile &ini, const SettingTable &settings_table, std::string_view grpname, void *object, bool only_startup)
{
  const IniGroup *group;
  const IniGroup *group_def = ini.GetGroup(grpname);
 
  for (auto &desc : settings_table) {
    const SettingDesc *sd = GetSettingDesc(desc);
    if (!SlIsObjectCurrentlyValid(sd->save.version_from, sd->save.version_to)) continue;
    if (sd->startup != only_startup) continue;
 
    /* For settings.xx.yy load the settings from [xx] yy = ? */
    std::string s{ sd->GetName() };
    auto sc = s.find('.');
    if (sc != std::string::npos) {
      group = ini.GetGroup(s.substr(0, sc));
      if (group == nullptr) group = group_def;
      s = s.substr(sc + 1);
    } else {
      group = group_def;
    }
 
    const IniItem *item = nullptr;
    if (group != nullptr) item = group->GetItem(s);
    if (item == nullptr && group != group_def && group_def != nullptr) {
      /* For settings.xx.yy load the settings from [settings] yy = ? in case the previous
       * did not exist (e.g. loading old config files with a [settings] section */
      item = group_def->GetItem(s);
    }
    if (item == nullptr) {
      /* For settings.xx.zz.yy load the settings from [zz] yy = ? in case the previous
       * did not exist (e.g. loading old config files with a [yapf] section */
      sc = s.find('.');
      if (sc != std::string::npos) {
        if (group = ini.GetGroup(s.substr(0, sc)); group != nullptr) item = group->GetItem(s.substr(sc + 1));
      }
    }
 
    sd->ParseValue(item, object);
  }
}
 
void IntSettingDesc::ParseValue(const IniItem *item, void *object) const
{
  int32_t val = (item != nullptr && item->value.has_value()) ? this->ParseValue(*item->value) : this->GetDefaultValue();
  this->MakeValueValidAndWrite(object, val);
}
 
void StringSettingDesc::ParseValue(const IniItem *item, void *object) const
{
  std::string str{(item == nullptr) ? this->def : item->value.value_or("")};
  this->MakeValueValid(str);
  this->Write(object, str);
}
 
void ListSettingDesc::ParseValue(const IniItem *item, void *object) const
{
  std::optional<std::string_view> str;
  if (item != nullptr) {
    str = item->value;
  } else if (!this->def.empty()) {
    str = this->def;
  }
  void *ptr = GetVariableAddress(object, this->save);
  if (!LoadIntList(str, ptr, this->save.length, this->save.conv.mem)) {
    _settings_error_list.emplace_back(
      GetEncodedString(STR_CONFIG_ERROR),
      GetEncodedString(STR_CONFIG_ERROR_ARRAY, this->GetName()));
 
    /* Use default */
    LoadIntList(this->def, ptr, this->save.length, this->save.conv.mem);
  }
}

static void IniSaveSettings(IniFile &ini, const SettingTable &settings_table, std::string_view grpname, void *object, bool)
{
  IniGroup *group_def = nullptr, *group;
 
  for (auto &desc : settings_table) {
    const SettingDesc *sd = GetSettingDesc(desc);
    /* If the setting is not saved to the configuration
     * file, just continue with the next setting */
    if (!SlIsObjectCurrentlyValid(sd->save.version_from, sd->save.version_to)) continue;
    if (sd->flags.Test(SettingFlag::NotInConfig)) continue;
 
    /* XXX - wtf is this?? (group override?) */
    std::string s{ sd->GetName() };
    auto sc = s.find('.');
    if (sc != std::string::npos) {
      group = &ini.GetOrCreateGroup(s.substr(0, sc));
      s = s.substr(sc + 1);
    } else {
      if (group_def == nullptr) group_def = &ini.GetOrCreateGroup(grpname);
      group = group_def;
    }
 
    IniItem &item = group->GetOrCreateItem(s);
 
    if (!item.value.has_value() || !sd->IsSameValue(&item, object)) {
      /* The value is different, that means we have to write it to the ini */
      item.value.emplace(sd->FormatValue(object));
    }
  }
}
 
std::string IntSettingDesc::FormatValue(const void *object) const
{
  int64_t i;
  if (IsSignedVarMemType(this->save.conv)) {
    i = this->Read(object);
  } else {
    i = (uint32_t)this->Read(object);
  }
  return fmt::format("{}", i);
}
 
std::string BoolSettingDesc::FormatValue(const void *object) const
{
  bool val = this->Read(object) != 0;
  return val ? "true" : "false";
}
 
bool IntSettingDesc::IsSameValue(const IniItem *item, void *object) const
{
  int32_t item_value = static_cast<int32_t>(this->ParseValue(*item->value));
  int32_t object_value = this->Read(object);
  return item_value == object_value;
}
 
bool IntSettingDesc::IsDefaultValue(void *object) const
{
  int32_t object_value = this->Read(object);
  return this->GetDefaultValue() == object_value;
}
 
void IntSettingDesc::ResetToDefault(void *object) const
{
  this->Write(object, this->GetDefaultValue());
}
 
std::string StringSettingDesc::FormatValue(const void *object) const
{
  const std::string &str = this->Read(object);
  switch (this->save.conv.mem) {
    case VarMemType::Str: return str;
 
    case VarMemType::StrQ:
      if (str.empty()) {
        return str;
      }
      return fmt::format("\"{}\"", str);
 
    default: NOT_REACHED();
  }
}
 
bool StringSettingDesc::IsSameValue(const IniItem *item, void *object) const
{
  /* The ini parsing removes the quotes, which are needed to retain the spaces in STRQs,
   * so those values are always different in the parsed ini item than they should be. */
  if (this->save.conv.mem == VarMemType::StrQ) return false;
 
  const std::string &str = this->Read(object);
  return item->value->compare(str) == 0;
}
 
bool StringSettingDesc::IsDefaultValue(void *object) const
{
  const std::string &str = this->Read(object);
  return this->def == str;
}
 
void StringSettingDesc::ResetToDefault(void *object) const
{
  this->Write(object, this->def);
}
 
bool ListSettingDesc::IsSameValue(const IniItem *, void *) const
{
  /* Checking for equality is way more expensive than just writing the value. */
  return false;
}
 
bool ListSettingDesc::IsDefaultValue(void *) const
{
  /* Defaults of lists are often complicated, and hard to compare. */
  return false;
}
 
void ListSettingDesc::ResetToDefault(void *) const
{
  /* Resetting a list to default is not supported. */
  NOT_REACHED();
}

static void IniLoadSettingList(IniFile &ini, std::string_view grpname, StringList &list)
{
  const IniGroup *group = ini.GetGroup(grpname);
 
  if (group == nullptr) return;
 
  list.clear();
 
  for (const IniItem &item : group->items) {
    if (!item.name.empty()) list.push_back(item.name);
  }
}

static void IniSaveSettingList(IniFile &ini, std::string_view grpname, StringList &list)
{
  IniGroup &group = ini.GetOrCreateGroup(grpname);
  group.Clear();
 
  for (const auto &iter : list) {
    group.GetOrCreateItem(iter).SetValue("");
  }
}

void IniLoadWindowSettings(IniFile &ini, std::string_view grpname, WindowDesc *desc)
{
  IniLoadSettings(ini, _window_settings, grpname, desc, false);
}

void IniSaveWindowSettings(IniFile &ini, std::string_view grpname, WindowDesc *desc)
{
  IniSaveSettings(ini, _window_settings, grpname, desc, false);
}

bool SettingDesc::IsEditable(bool do_command) const
{
  if (!do_command && !this->flags.Test(SettingFlag::NoNetworkSync) && _networking && !_network_server && !this->flags.Test(SettingFlag::PerCompany)) return false;
  if (do_command && this->flags.Test(SettingFlag::NoNetworkSync)) return false;
  if (this->flags.Test(SettingFlag::NetworkOnly) && !_networking && _game_mode != GameMode::Menu) return false;
  if (this->flags.Test(SettingFlag::NoNetwork) && _networking) return false;
  if (this->flags.Test(SettingFlag::NewgameOnly) &&
      (_game_mode == GameMode::Normal ||
      (_game_mode == GameMode::Editor && !this->flags.Test(SettingFlag::SceneditToo)))) return false;
  if (this->flags.Test(SettingFlag::SceneditOnly) && _game_mode != GameMode::Editor) return false;
  return true;
}

SettingType SettingDesc::GetType() const
{
  if (this->flags.Test(SettingFlag::PerCompany)) return ST_COMPANY;
  return this->flags.Test(SettingFlag::NotInSave) ? ST_CLIENT : ST_GAME;
}

const IntSettingDesc *SettingDesc::AsIntSetting() const
{
  assert(this->IsIntSetting());
  return static_cast<const IntSettingDesc *>(this);
}

const StringSettingDesc *SettingDesc::AsStringSetting() const
{
  assert(this->IsStringSetting());
  return static_cast<const StringSettingDesc *>(this);
}
 
void PrepareOldDiffCustom();
void HandleOldDiffCustom(bool savegame);
 

static void ValidateSettings()
{
  /* Do not allow a custom sea level with the original land generator. */
  if (_settings_newgame.game_creation.land_generator == LG_ORIGINAL &&
      _settings_newgame.difficulty.quantity_sea_lakes == CUSTOM_SEA_LEVEL_NUMBER_DIFFICULTY) {
    _settings_newgame.difficulty.quantity_sea_lakes = CUSTOM_SEA_LEVEL_MIN_PERCENTAGE;
  }
}
 
static void AILoadConfig(const IniFile &ini, std::string_view grpname)
{
  const IniGroup *group = ini.GetGroup(grpname);
 
  /* Clean any configured AI */
  for (CompanyID c = CompanyID::Begin(); c < MAX_COMPANIES; ++c) {
    AIConfig::GetConfig(c, AIConfig::ScriptSettingSource::ForceNewGame)->Change(std::nullopt);
  }
 
  /* If no group exists, return */
  if (group == nullptr) return;
 
  CompanyID c = CompanyID::Begin();
  for (const IniItem &item : group->items) {
    AIConfig *config = AIConfig::GetConfig(c, AIConfig::ScriptSettingSource::ForceNewGame);
 
    config->Change(item.name);
    if (!config->HasScript()) {
      if (item.name != "none") {
        Debug(script, 0, "The AI by the name '{}' was no longer found, and removed from the list.", item.name);
        continue;
      }
    }
    if (item.value.has_value()) config->StringToSettings(*item.value);
    ++c;
    if (c >= MAX_COMPANIES) break;
  }
}
 
static void GameLoadConfig(const IniFile &ini, std::string_view grpname)
{
  const IniGroup *group = ini.GetGroup(grpname);
 
  /* Clean any configured GameScript */
  GameConfig::GetConfig(GameConfig::ScriptSettingSource::ForceNewGame)->Change(std::nullopt);
 
  /* If no group exists, return */
  if (group == nullptr || group->items.empty()) return;
 
  const IniItem &item = group->items.front();
 
  GameConfig *config = GameConfig::GetConfig(AIConfig::ScriptSettingSource::ForceNewGame);
 
  config->Change(item.name);
  if (!config->HasScript()) {
    if (item.name != "none") {
      Debug(script, 0, "The GameScript by the name '{}' was no longer found, and removed from the list.", item.name);
      return;
    }
  }
  if (item.value.has_value()) config->StringToSettings(*item.value);
}

static void GraphicsSetLoadConfig(IniFile &ini)
{
  if (const IniGroup *group = ini.GetGroup("misc"); group != nullptr) {
    /* Load old setting first. */
    if (const IniItem *item = group->GetItem("graphicsset"); item != nullptr && item->value) BaseGraphics::ini_data.name = *item->value;
  }
 
  if (const IniGroup *group = ini.GetGroup("graphicsset"); group != nullptr) {
    /* Load new settings. */
    if (const IniItem *item = group->GetItem("name"); item != nullptr && item->value) BaseGraphics::ini_data.name = *item->value;
 
    if (const IniItem *item = group->GetItem("shortname"); item != nullptr && item->value && item->value->size() == 8) {
      auto val = ParseInteger<uint32_t>(*item->value, 16);
      if (val.has_value()) {
        BaseGraphics::ini_data.shortname = std::byteswap<uint32_t>(*val);
      } else {
        ShowErrorMessage(GetEncodedString(STR_CONFIG_ERROR),
          GetEncodedString(STR_CONFIG_ERROR_INVALID_VALUE, *item->value, BaseGraphics::ini_data.name),
          WarningLevel::Critical);
      }
    }
 
    if (const IniItem *item = group->GetItem("extra_version"); item != nullptr && item->value) {
      auto val = ParseInteger<uint32_t>(*item->value);
      if (val.has_value()) {
        BaseGraphics::ini_data.extra_version = *val;
      } else {
        ShowErrorMessage(GetEncodedString(STR_CONFIG_ERROR),
          GetEncodedString(STR_CONFIG_ERROR_INVALID_VALUE, *item->value, BaseGraphics::ini_data.name),
          WarningLevel::Critical);
      }
    }
 
    if (const IniItem *item = group->GetItem("extra_params"); item != nullptr && item->value) {
      auto params = ParseIntList(*item->value);
      if (params.has_value()) {
        BaseGraphics::ini_data.extra_params = params.value();
      } else {
        ShowErrorMessage(GetEncodedString(STR_CONFIG_ERROR),
          GetEncodedString(STR_CONFIG_ERROR_ARRAY, BaseGraphics::ini_data.name),
          WarningLevel::Critical);
      }
    }
  }
}

static GRFConfigList GRFLoadConfig(const IniFile &ini, std::string_view grpname, bool is_static)
{
  const IniGroup *group = ini.GetGroup(grpname);
  GRFConfigList list;
 
  if (group == nullptr) return list;
 
  uint num_grfs = 0;
  for (const IniItem &item : group->items) {
    std::unique_ptr<GRFConfig> c{};
 
    std::array<uint8_t, 4> grfid_buf;
    MD5Hash md5sum;
    std::string_view item_name = item.name;
    bool has_md5sum = false;
 
    /* Try reading "<grfid>|" and on success, "<md5sum>|". */
    auto grfid_pos = item_name.find("|");
    if (grfid_pos != std::string_view::npos) {
      std::string_view grfid_str = item_name.substr(0, grfid_pos);
 
      if (ConvertHexToBytes(grfid_str, grfid_buf)) {
        item_name = item_name.substr(grfid_pos + 1);
 
        auto md5sum_pos = item_name.find("|");
        if (md5sum_pos != std::string_view::npos) {
          std::string_view md5sum_str = item_name.substr(0, md5sum_pos);
 
          has_md5sum = ConvertHexToBytes(md5sum_str, md5sum);
          if (has_md5sum) item_name = item_name.substr(md5sum_pos + 1);
        }
 
        GrfID grfid = grfid_buf[0] | (grfid_buf[1] << 8) | (grfid_buf[2] << 16) | (grfid_buf[3] << 24);
        if (has_md5sum) {
          const GRFConfig *s = FindGRFConfig(grfid, FindGRFConfigMode::Exact, &md5sum);
          if (s != nullptr) c = std::make_unique<GRFConfig>(*s);
        }
        if (c == nullptr && !FioCheckFileExists(std::string(item_name), Subdirectory::NewGrf)) {
          const GRFConfig *s = FindGRFConfig(grfid, FindGRFConfigMode::NewestValid);
          if (s != nullptr) c = std::make_unique<GRFConfig>(*s);
        }
      }
    }
    std::string filename = std::string(item_name);
 
    if (c == nullptr) c = std::make_unique<GRFConfig>(filename);
 
    /* Parse parameters */
    if (item.value.has_value() && !item.value->empty()) {
      auto params = ParseIntList(*item.value);
      if (params.has_value()) {
        c->SetParams(params.value());
      } else {
        ShowErrorMessage(GetEncodedString(STR_CONFIG_ERROR),
          GetEncodedString(STR_CONFIG_ERROR_ARRAY, filename),
          WarningLevel::Critical);
      }
    }
 
    /* Check if item is valid */
    if (!FillGRFDetails(*c, is_static) || c->flags.Test(GRFConfigFlag::Invalid)) {
      StringID reason;
      if (c->status == GRFStatus::NotFound) {
        reason = STR_CONFIG_ERROR_INVALID_GRF_NOT_FOUND;
      } else if (c->flags.Test(GRFConfigFlag::Unsafe)) {
        reason = STR_CONFIG_ERROR_INVALID_GRF_UNSAFE;
      } else if (c->flags.Test(GRFConfigFlag::System)) {
        reason = STR_CONFIG_ERROR_INVALID_GRF_SYSTEM;
      } else if (c->flags.Test(GRFConfigFlag::Invalid)) {
        reason = STR_CONFIG_ERROR_INVALID_GRF_INCOMPATIBLE;
      } else {
        reason = STR_CONFIG_ERROR_INVALID_GRF_UNKNOWN;
      }
 
      ShowErrorMessage(GetEncodedString(STR_CONFIG_ERROR),
        GetEncodedString(STR_CONFIG_ERROR_INVALID_GRF, filename.empty() ? item.name : filename, reason),
        WarningLevel::Critical);
      continue;
    }
 
    /* Check for duplicate GRFID (will also check for duplicate filenames) */
    auto found = std::ranges::find_if(list, [&c](const auto &gc) { return gc->ident.grfid == c->ident.grfid; });
    if (found != std::end(list)) {
      ShowErrorMessage(GetEncodedString(STR_CONFIG_ERROR),
        GetEncodedString(STR_CONFIG_ERROR_DUPLICATE_GRFID, c->filename, (*found)->filename),
        WarningLevel::Critical);
      continue;
    }
 
    if (is_static) {
      /* Mark file as static to avoid saving in savegame. */
      c->flags.Set(GRFConfigFlag::Static);
    } else if (++num_grfs > NETWORK_MAX_GRF_COUNT) {
      /* Check we will not load more non-static NewGRFs than allowed. This could trigger issues for game servers. */
      ShowErrorMessage(GetEncodedString(STR_CONFIG_ERROR),
        GetEncodedString(STR_NEWGRF_ERROR_TOO_MANY_NEWGRFS_LOADED), WarningLevel::Critical);
      break;
    }
 
    /* Add item to list */
    list.push_back(std::move(c));
  }
 
  return list;
}
 
static IniFileVersion LoadVersionFromConfig(const IniFile &ini)
{
  const IniGroup *group = ini.GetGroup("version");
  if (group == nullptr) return IFV_0;
 
  auto version_number = group->GetItem("ini_version");
  /* Older ini-file versions don't have this key yet. */
  if (version_number == nullptr || !version_number->value.has_value()) return IFV_0;
 
  uint32_t version = 0;
  std::from_chars(version_number->value->data(), version_number->value->data() + version_number->value->size(), version);
 
  return static_cast<IniFileVersion>(version);
}
 
static void AISaveConfig(IniFile &ini, std::string_view grpname)
{
  IniGroup &group = ini.GetOrCreateGroup(grpname);
  group.Clear();
 
  for (CompanyID c = CompanyID::Begin(); c < MAX_COMPANIES; ++c) {
    AIConfig *config = AIConfig::GetConfig(c, AIConfig::ScriptSettingSource::ForceNewGame);
    std::string name;
    std::string value = config->SettingsToString();
 
    if (config->HasScript()) {
      name = config->GetName();
    } else {
      name = "none";
    }
 
    group.CreateItem(name).SetValue(value);
  }
}
 
static void GameSaveConfig(IniFile &ini, std::string_view grpname)
{
  IniGroup &group = ini.GetOrCreateGroup(grpname);
  group.Clear();
 
  GameConfig *config = GameConfig::GetConfig(AIConfig::ScriptSettingSource::ForceNewGame);
  std::string name;
  std::string value = config->SettingsToString();
 
  if (config->HasScript()) {
    name = config->GetName();
  } else {
    name = "none";
  }
 
  group.CreateItem(name).SetValue(value);
}

static void SaveVersionInConfig(IniFile &ini)
{
  IniGroup &group = ini.GetOrCreateGroup("version");
  group.GetOrCreateItem("version_string").SetValue(_openttd_revision);
  group.GetOrCreateItem("version_number").SetValue(fmt::format("{:08X}", _openttd_newgrf_version));
  group.GetOrCreateItem("ini_version").SetValue(fmt::format("{}", INIFILE_VERSION));
}

static void GraphicsSetSaveConfig(IniFile &ini)
{
  const GraphicsSet *used_set = BaseGraphics::GetUsedSet();
  if (used_set == nullptr) return;
 
  IniGroup &group = ini.GetOrCreateGroup("graphicsset");
  group.Clear();
 
  group.GetOrCreateItem("name").SetValue(used_set->name);
  group.GetOrCreateItem("shortname").SetValue(fmt::format("{:08X}", std::byteswap(used_set->shortname)));
 
  const GRFConfig *extra_cfg = used_set->GetExtraConfig();
  if (extra_cfg != nullptr && !extra_cfg->param.empty()) {
    group.GetOrCreateItem("extra_version").SetValue(fmt::format("{}", extra_cfg->version));
    group.GetOrCreateItem("extra_params").SetValue(GRFBuildParamList(*extra_cfg));
  }
}
 
/* Save a GRF configuration to the given group name */
static void GRFSaveConfig(IniFile &ini, std::string_view grpname, const GRFConfigList &list)
{
  IniGroup &group = ini.GetOrCreateGroup(grpname);
  group.Clear();
 
  for (const auto &c : list) {
    std::string key = fmt::format("{:08X}|{}|{}", std::byteswap(c->ident.grfid),
        FormatArrayAsHex(c->ident.md5sum), c->filename);
    group.GetOrCreateItem(key).SetValue(GRFBuildParamList(*c));
  }
}
 
/* Common handler for saving/loading variables to the configuration file */
static void HandleSettingDescs(IniFile &generic_ini, IniFile &private_ini, IniFile &secrets_ini, SettingDescProc *proc, SettingDescProcList *proc_list, bool only_startup = false)
{
  proc(generic_ini, _misc_settings, "misc", nullptr, only_startup);
#if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(DEDICATED)
  proc(generic_ini, _win32_settings, "win32", nullptr, only_startup);
#endif /* _WIN32 */
 
  /* The name "patches" is a fallback, as every setting should sets its own group. */
 
  for (auto &table : GenericSettingTables()) {
    proc(generic_ini, table, "patches", &_settings_newgame, only_startup);
  }
  for (auto &table : PrivateSettingTables()) {
    proc(private_ini, table, "patches", &_settings_newgame, only_startup);
  }
  for (auto &table : SecretSettingTables()) {
    proc(secrets_ini, table, "patches", &_settings_newgame, only_startup);
  }
 
  proc(generic_ini, _currency_settings, "currency", &GetCustomCurrency(), only_startup);
  proc(generic_ini, _company_settings, "company", &_settings_client.company, only_startup);
 
  if (!only_startup) {
    proc_list(private_ini, "server_bind_addresses", _network_bind_list);
    proc_list(private_ini, "servers", _network_host_list);
    proc_list(private_ini, "bans", _network_ban_list);
    proc_list(private_ini, "server_authorized_keys", _settings_client.network.server_authorized_keys);
    proc_list(private_ini, "rcon_authorized_keys", _settings_client.network.rcon_authorized_keys);
    proc_list(private_ini, "admin_authorized_keys", _settings_client.network.admin_authorized_keys);
  }
}

static void RemoveEntriesFromIni(IniFile &ini, const SettingTable &table)
{
  for (auto &desc : table) {
    const SettingDesc *sd = GetSettingDesc(desc);
 
    /* For settings.xx.yy load the settings from [xx] yy = ? */
    std::string s{ sd->GetName() };
    auto sc = s.find('.');
    if (sc == std::string::npos) continue;
 
    IniGroup *group = ini.GetGroup(s.substr(0, sc));
    if (group == nullptr) continue;
    s = s.substr(sc + 1);
 
    group->RemoveItem(s);
  }
}

bool IsConversionNeeded(const ConfigIniFile &ini, const std::string &group, const std::string &old_var, const std::string &new_var, const IniItem **old_item)
{
  *old_item = nullptr;
 
  const IniGroup *igroup = ini.GetGroup(group);
  /* If the group doesn't exist, there is nothing to convert. */
  if (igroup == nullptr) return false;
 
  const IniItem *tmp_old_item = igroup->GetItem(old_var);
  const IniItem *new_item = igroup->GetItem(new_var);
 
  /* If the old item doesn't exist, there is nothing to convert. */
  if (tmp_old_item == nullptr) return false;
 
  /* If the new item exists, it means conversion was already done. We only
   * do the conversion the first time, and after that these settings are
   * independent. This allows users to freely change between older and
   * newer clients without breaking anything. */
  if (new_item != nullptr) return false;
 
  *old_item = tmp_old_item;
  return true;
}

void LoadFromConfig(bool startup)
{
  ConfigIniFile generic_ini(_config_file);
  ConfigIniFile private_ini(_private_file);
  ConfigIniFile secrets_ini(_secrets_file);
  ConfigIniFile favs_ini(_favs_file);
 
  if (!startup) ResetCurrencies(false); // Initialize the array of currencies, without preserving the custom one
 
  IniFileVersion generic_version = LoadVersionFromConfig(generic_ini);
 
  if (startup) {
    GraphicsSetLoadConfig(generic_ini);
  }
 
  /* Before the split of private/secrets, we have to look in the generic for these settings. */
  if (generic_version < IFV_PRIVATE_SECRETS) {
    HandleSettingDescs(generic_ini, generic_ini, generic_ini, IniLoadSettings, IniLoadSettingList, startup);
  } else {
    HandleSettingDescs(generic_ini, private_ini, secrets_ini, IniLoadSettings, IniLoadSettingList, startup);
  }
 
  /* Load basic settings only during bootstrap, load other settings not during bootstrap */
  if (!startup) {
    if (generic_version < IFV_LINKGRAPH_SECONDS) {
      _settings_newgame.linkgraph.recalc_interval *= CalendarTime::SECONDS_PER_DAY;
      _settings_newgame.linkgraph.recalc_time     *= CalendarTime::SECONDS_PER_DAY;
    }
 
    /* Move use_relay_service from generic_ini to private_ini. */
    if (generic_version < IFV_NETWORK_PRIVATE_SETTINGS) {
      const IniGroup *network = generic_ini.GetGroup("network");
      if (network != nullptr) {
        const IniItem *use_relay_service = network->GetItem("use_relay_service");
        if (use_relay_service != nullptr) {
          if (use_relay_service->value == "never") {
            _settings_client.network.use_relay_service = UseRelayService::Never;
          } else if (use_relay_service->value == "ask") {
            _settings_client.network.use_relay_service = UseRelayService::Ask;
          } else if (use_relay_service->value == "allow") {
            _settings_client.network.use_relay_service = UseRelayService::Allow;
          }
        }
      }
    }
 
    const IniItem *old_item;
 
    if (generic_version < IFV_GAME_TYPE && IsConversionNeeded(generic_ini, "network", "server_advertise", "server_game_type", &old_item)) {
      auto old_value = BoolSettingDesc::ParseSingleValue(*old_item->value);
      _settings_client.network.server_game_type = old_value.value_or(false) ? ServerGameType::Public : ServerGameType::Local;
    }
 
    if (generic_version < IFV_AUTOSAVE_RENAME && IsConversionNeeded(generic_ini, "gui", "autosave", "autosave_interval", &old_item)) {
      static constexpr std::initializer_list<std::string_view> _old_autosave_interval{"off"sv, "monthly"sv, "quarterly"sv, "half year"sv, "yearly"sv};
      auto old_value = OneOfManySettingDesc::ParseSingleValue(*old_item->value, _old_autosave_interval).value_or(-1);
 
      switch (old_value) {
        case 0: _settings_client.gui.autosave_interval = 0; break;
        case 1: _settings_client.gui.autosave_interval = 10; break;
        case 2: _settings_client.gui.autosave_interval = 30; break;
        case 3: _settings_client.gui.autosave_interval = 60; break;
        case 4: _settings_client.gui.autosave_interval = 120; break;
        default: break;
      }
    }
 
    /* Persist the right click close option from older versions. */
    if (generic_version < IFV_RIGHT_CLICK_CLOSE && IsConversionNeeded(generic_ini, "gui", "right_mouse_wnd_close", "right_click_wnd_close", &old_item)) {
      auto old_value = BoolSettingDesc::ParseSingleValue(*old_item->value);
      _settings_client.gui.right_click_wnd_close = old_value.value_or(false) ? RightClickClose::Yes : RightClickClose::No;
    }
 
    if (generic_version < IFV_DEFAULT_RAIL_ROAD && IsConversionNeeded(generic_ini, "gui", "default_rail_type", "default_rail_road_type", &old_item)) {
      auto old_value = IntSettingDesc::ParseSingleValue(*old_item->value, 0, 2);
      _settings_client.gui.default_rail_road_type = static_cast<DefaultRailRoadType>(old_value.value_or(0));
    }
 
    _grfconfig_newgame = GRFLoadConfig(generic_ini, "newgrf", false);
    _grfconfig_static  = GRFLoadConfig(generic_ini, "newgrf-static", true);
    AILoadConfig(generic_ini, "ai_players");
    GameLoadConfig(generic_ini, "game_scripts");
    PickerLoadConfig(favs_ini);
    BadgeClassLoadConfig(favs_ini);
 
    PrepareOldDiffCustom();
    IniLoadSettings(generic_ini, _old_gameopt_settings, "gameopt", &_settings_newgame, false);
    HandleOldDiffCustom(false);
 
    ValidateSettings();
    DebugReconsiderSendRemoteMessages();
 
    /* Display scheduled errors */
    ScheduleErrorMessage(_settings_error_list);
    if (FindWindowById(WindowClass::ErrorMessage, 0) == nullptr) ShowFirstError();
  }
}

void SaveToConfig()
{
  ConfigIniFile generic_ini(_config_file);
  ConfigIniFile private_ini(_private_file);
  ConfigIniFile secrets_ini(_secrets_file);
  ConfigIniFile favs_ini(_favs_file);
 
  IniFileVersion generic_version = LoadVersionFromConfig(generic_ini);
 
  /* If we newly create the private/secrets file, add a dummy group on top
   * just so we can add a comment before it (that is how IniFile works).
   * This to explain what the file is about. After doing it once, never touch
   * it again, as otherwise we might be reverting user changes. */
  if (IniGroup *group = private_ini.GetGroup("private"); group != nullptr) group->comment = "; This file possibly contains private information which can identify you as person.\n";
  if (IniGroup *group = secrets_ini.GetGroup("secrets"); group != nullptr) group->comment = "; Do not share this file with others, not even if they claim to be technical support.\n; This file contains saved passwords and other secrets that should remain private to you!\n";
 
  if (generic_version == IFV_0) {
    /* Remove some obsolete groups. These have all been loaded into other groups. */
    generic_ini.RemoveGroup("patches");
    generic_ini.RemoveGroup("yapf");
    generic_ini.RemoveGroup("gameopt");
 
    /* Remove all settings from the generic ini that are now in the private ini. */
    generic_ini.RemoveGroup("server_bind_addresses");
    generic_ini.RemoveGroup("servers");
    generic_ini.RemoveGroup("bans");
    for (auto &table : PrivateSettingTables()) {
      RemoveEntriesFromIni(generic_ini, table);
    }
 
    /* Remove all settings from the generic ini that are now in the secrets ini. */
    for (auto &table : SecretSettingTables()) {
      RemoveEntriesFromIni(generic_ini, table);
    }
  }
 
  if (generic_version < IFV_REMOVE_GENERATION_SEED) {
    IniGroup *game_creation = generic_ini.GetGroup("game_creation");
    if (game_creation != nullptr) {
      game_creation->RemoveItem("generation_seed");
    }
  }
 
  /* These variables are migrated from generic ini to private ini now. */
  if (generic_version < IFV_NETWORK_PRIVATE_SETTINGS) {
    IniGroup *network = generic_ini.GetGroup("network");
    if (network != nullptr) {
      network->RemoveItem("use_relay_service");
    }
  }
 
  HandleSettingDescs(generic_ini, private_ini, secrets_ini, IniSaveSettings, IniSaveSettingList);
  GraphicsSetSaveConfig(generic_ini);
  GRFSaveConfig(generic_ini, "newgrf", _grfconfig_newgame);
  GRFSaveConfig(generic_ini, "newgrf-static", _grfconfig_static);
  AISaveConfig(generic_ini, "ai_players");
  GameSaveConfig(generic_ini, "game_scripts");
  PickerSaveConfig(favs_ini);
  BadgeClassSaveConfig(favs_ini);
 
  SaveVersionInConfig(generic_ini);
  SaveVersionInConfig(private_ini);
  SaveVersionInConfig(secrets_ini);
  SaveVersionInConfig(favs_ini);
 
  generic_ini.SaveToDisk(_config_file);
  private_ini.SaveToDisk(_private_file);
  secrets_ini.SaveToDisk(_secrets_file);
  favs_ini.SaveToDisk(_favs_file);
}

StringList GetGRFPresetList()
{
  StringList list;
 
  ConfigIniFile ini(_config_file);
  for (const IniGroup &group : ini.groups) {
    if (group.name.starts_with("preset-")) {
      list.push_back(group.name.substr(7));
    }
  }
 
  return list;
}

GRFConfigList LoadGRFPresetFromConfig(std::string_view config_name)
{
  std::string section("preset-");
  section += config_name;
 
  ConfigIniFile ini(_config_file);
  GRFConfigList config = GRFLoadConfig(ini, section, false);
 
  return config;
}

void SaveGRFPresetToConfig(std::string_view config_name, GRFConfigList &config)
{
  std::string section("preset-");
  section += config_name;
 
  ConfigIniFile ini(_config_file);
  GRFSaveConfig(ini, section, config);
  ini.SaveToDisk(_config_file);
}

void DeleteGRFPresetFromConfig(std::string_view config_name)
{
  std::string section("preset-");
  section += config_name;
 
  ConfigIniFile ini(_config_file);
  ini.RemoveGroup(section);
  ini.SaveToDisk(_config_file);
}

void IntSettingDesc::ChangeValue(const void *object, int32_t newval) const
{
  int32_t oldval = this->Read(object);
  this->MakeValueValid(newval);
  if (this->pre_check != nullptr && !this->pre_check(newval)) return;
  if (oldval == newval) return;
 
  this->Write(object, newval);
  if (this->post_callback != nullptr) this->post_callback(newval);
 
  if (this->flags.Test(SettingFlag::NoNetwork) || this->flags.Test(SettingFlag::Sandbox)) {
    _gamelog.StartAction(GamelogActionType::Setting);
    _gamelog.Setting(this->GetName(), oldval, newval);
    _gamelog.StopAction();
  }
 
  SetWindowClassesDirty(WindowClass::GameOptions);
  if (this->flags.Test(SettingFlag::Sandbox)) SetWindowClassesDirty(WindowClass::Cheat);
 
  if (_save_config) SaveToConfig();
}

static const SettingDesc *GetSettingFromName(std::string_view name, const SettingTable &settings)
{
  /* First check all full names */
  for (auto &desc : settings) {
    const SettingDesc *sd = GetSettingDesc(desc);
    if (!SlIsObjectCurrentlyValid(sd->save.version_from, sd->save.version_to)) continue;
    if (sd->GetName() == name) return sd;
  }
 
  /* Then check the shortcut variant of the name. */
  std::string short_name_suffix = std::string{ "." }.append(name);
  for (auto &desc : settings) {
    const SettingDesc *sd = GetSettingDesc(desc);
    if (!SlIsObjectCurrentlyValid(sd->save.version_from, sd->save.version_to)) continue;
    if (sd->GetName().ends_with(short_name_suffix)) return sd;
  }
 
  return nullptr;
}

void GetSaveLoadFromSettingTable(SettingTable settings, std::vector<SaveLoad> &saveloads)
{
  for (auto &desc : settings) {
    const SettingDesc *sd = GetSettingDesc(desc);
    if (!SlIsObjectCurrentlyValid(sd->save.version_from, sd->save.version_to)) continue;
    saveloads.push_back(sd->save);
  }
}

SettingTable GetSaveLoadSettingTable()
{
  static const SettingTable saveload_settings_tables[] = {
    _difficulty_settings,
    _economy_settings,
    _game_settings,
    _linkgraph_settings,
    _locale_settings,
    _pathfinding_settings,
    _script_settings,
    _world_settings,
  };
  static std::vector<SettingVariant> settings_table;
 
  if (settings_table.empty()) {
    for (auto &saveload_settings_table : saveload_settings_tables) {
      for (auto &saveload_setting : saveload_settings_table) {
        settings_table.push_back(saveload_setting);
      }
    }
  }
 
  return settings_table;
}

static const SettingDesc *GetCompanySettingFromName(std::string_view name)
{
  static const std::string_view company_prefix = "company.";
  if (name.starts_with(company_prefix)) name.remove_prefix(company_prefix.size());
  return GetSettingFromName(name, _company_settings);
}

const SettingDesc *GetSettingFromName(std::string_view name)
{
  for (auto &table : GenericSettingTables()) {
    auto sd = GetSettingFromName(name, table);
    if (sd != nullptr) return sd;
  }
  for (auto &table : PrivateSettingTables()) {
    auto sd = GetSettingFromName(name, table);
    if (sd != nullptr) return sd;
  }
  for (auto &table : SecretSettingTables()) {
    auto sd = GetSettingFromName(name, table);
    if (sd != nullptr) return sd;
  }
 
  return GetCompanySettingFromName(name);
}

std::vector<const SettingDesc *> GetFilteredSettingCollection(std::function<bool(const SettingDesc &desc)> func)
{
  std::vector<const SettingDesc *> collection;
 
  for (const auto &table : GenericSettingTables()) {
    for (const auto &desc : table) {
      const auto sd = GetSettingDesc(desc);
      if (!func(*sd)) continue;
 
      collection.push_back(sd);
    }
  }
 
  return collection;
}

CommandCost CmdChangeSetting(DoCommandFlags flags, const std::string &name, int32_t value)
{
  if (name.empty()) return CMD_ERROR;
  const SettingDesc *sd = GetSettingFromName(name);
 
  if (sd == nullptr) return CMD_ERROR;
  if (!SlIsObjectCurrentlyValid(sd->save.version_from, sd->save.version_to)) return CMD_ERROR;
  if (!sd->IsIntSetting()) return CMD_ERROR;
 
  if (!sd->IsEditable(true)) return CMD_ERROR;
 
  if (flags.Test(DoCommandFlag::Execute)) {
    sd->AsIntSetting()->ChangeValue(&GetGameSettings(), value);
  }
 
  return CommandCost();
}

CommandCost CmdChangeCompanySetting(DoCommandFlags flags, const std::string &name, int32_t value)
{
  if (name.empty()) return CMD_ERROR;
  const SettingDesc *sd = GetCompanySettingFromName(name);
 
  if (sd == nullptr) return CMD_ERROR;
  if (!sd->IsIntSetting()) return CMD_ERROR;
 
  if (flags.Test(DoCommandFlag::Execute)) {
    sd->AsIntSetting()->ChangeValue(&Company::Get(_current_company)->settings, value);
  }
 
  return CommandCost();
}

bool SetSettingValue(const IntSettingDesc *sd, int32_t value, bool force_newgame)
{
  const IntSettingDesc *setting = sd->AsIntSetting();
  if (setting->flags.Test(SettingFlag::PerCompany)) {
    if (Company::IsValidID(_local_company) && _game_mode != GameMode::Menu) {
      return Command<Commands::ChangeCompanySetting>::Post(setting->GetName(), value);
    }
 
    setting->ChangeValue(&_settings_client.company, value);
    return true;
  }
 
  /* If an item is company-based, we do not send it over the network
   * (if any) to change. Also *hack*hack* we update the _newgame version
   * of settings because changing a company-based setting in a game also
   * changes its defaults. At least that is the convention we have chosen */
  if (setting->flags.Test(SettingFlag::NoNetworkSync)) {
    if (_game_mode != GameMode::Menu) {
      setting->ChangeValue(&_settings_newgame, value);
    }
    setting->ChangeValue(&GetGameSettings(), value);
    return true;
  }
 
  if (force_newgame) {
    setting->ChangeValue(&_settings_newgame, value);
    return true;
  }
 
  /* send non-company-based settings over the network */
  if (!_networking || (_networking && _network_server)) {
    return Command<Commands::ChangeSetting>::Post(setting->GetName(), value);
  }
  return false;
}

void SetDefaultCompanySettings(CompanyID cid)
{
  Company *c = Company::Get(cid);
  AutoRestoreBackup backup(_current_company, cid);
  for (auto &desc : _company_settings) {
    const IntSettingDesc *int_setting = GetSettingDesc(desc)->AsIntSetting();
    int_setting->MakeValueValidAndWrite(&c->settings, int_setting->GetDefaultValue());
  }
}

void SyncCompanySettings()
{
  const void *old_object = &Company::Get(_current_company)->settings;
  const void *new_object = &_settings_client.company;
  for (auto &desc : _company_settings) {
    const SettingDesc *sd = GetSettingDesc(desc);
    uint32_t old_value = (uint32_t)sd->AsIntSetting()->Read(old_object);
    uint32_t new_value = (uint32_t)sd->AsIntSetting()->Read(new_object);
    /*
     * This is called from a command, and since it contains local configuration information
     * that the rest of the clients do not know about, we need to circumvent the normal ::Post
     * local command validation and immediately send the command to the server.
     */
    if (old_value != new_value) Command<Commands::ChangeCompanySetting>::SendNet(STR_NULL, _local_company, sd->GetName(), new_value);
  }
}

bool SetSettingValue(const StringSettingDesc *sd, std::string_view value, bool force_newgame)
{
  assert(sd->flags.Test(SettingFlag::NoNetworkSync));
 
  if (sd->save.conv.mem == VarMemType::StrQ && value == "(null)") {
    value = {};
  }
 
  const void *object = (_game_mode == GameMode::Menu || force_newgame) ? &_settings_newgame : &_settings_game;
  sd->AsStringSetting()->ChangeValue(object, std::string{value});
  return true;
}

void StringSettingDesc::ChangeValue(const void *object, std::string &&newval) const
{
  this->MakeValueValid(newval);
  if (this->pre_check != nullptr && !this->pre_check(newval)) return;
 
  this->Write(object, newval);
  if (this->post_callback != nullptr) this->post_callback(newval);
 
  if (_save_config) SaveToConfig();
}
 
/* Those 2 functions need to be here, else we have to make some stuff non-static
 * and besides, it is also better to keep stuff like this at the same place */
void IConsoleSetSetting(std::string_view name, std::string_view value, bool force_newgame)
{
  const SettingDesc *sd = GetSettingFromName(name);
  /* Company settings are not in "list_settings", so don't try to modify them. */
  if (sd == nullptr || sd->flags.Test(SettingFlag::PerCompany)) {
    IConsolePrint(CC_ERROR, "'{}' is an unknown setting.", name);
    return;
  }
 
  bool success = true;
  if (sd->IsStringSetting()) {
    success = SetSettingValue(sd->AsStringSetting(), value, force_newgame);
  } else if (sd->IsIntSetting()) {
    const IntSettingDesc *isd = sd->AsIntSetting();
    size_t val = isd->ParseValue(value);
    if (!_settings_error_list.empty()) {
      IConsolePrint(CC_ERROR, "'{}' is not a valid value for this setting.", value);
      _settings_error_list.clear();
      return;
    }
    success = SetSettingValue(isd, (int32_t)val, force_newgame);
  }
 
  if (!success) {
    if (_network_server) {
      IConsolePrint(CC_ERROR, "This command/variable is not available during network games.");
    } else {
      IConsolePrint(CC_ERROR, "This command/variable is only available to a network server.");
    }
  }
}
 
void IConsoleSetSetting(std::string_view name, int value)
{
  const SettingDesc *sd = GetSettingFromName(name);
  assert(sd != nullptr);
  SetSettingValue(sd->AsIntSetting(), value);
}

void IConsoleGetSetting(std::string_view name, bool force_newgame)
{
  const SettingDesc *sd = GetSettingFromName(name);
  /* Company settings are not in "list_settings", so don't try to read them. */
  if (sd == nullptr || sd->flags.Test(SettingFlag::PerCompany)) {
    IConsolePrint(CC_ERROR, "'{}' is an unknown setting.", name);
    return;
  }
 
  const void *object = (_game_mode == GameMode::Menu || force_newgame) ? &_settings_newgame : &_settings_game;
 
  if (sd->IsStringSetting()) {
    IConsolePrint(CC_INFO, "Current value for '{}' is '{}'.", sd->GetName(), sd->AsStringSetting()->Read(object));
  } else if (sd->IsIntSetting()) {
    std::string value = sd->FormatValue(object);
    const IntSettingDesc *int_setting = sd->AsIntSetting();
    auto [min_val, max_val] = int_setting->GetRange();
    auto def_val = int_setting->GetDefaultValue();
    IConsolePrint(CC_INFO, "Current value for '{}' is '{}' (min: {}{}, max: {}, def: {}).",
      sd->GetName(), value, sd->flags.Test(SettingFlag::GuiZeroIsSpecial) ? "(0) " : "", min_val, max_val, def_val);
  }
}
 
static void IConsoleListSettingsTable(const SettingTable &table, std::string_view prefilter)
{
  for (auto &desc : table) {
    const SettingDesc *sd = GetSettingDesc(desc);
    if (!SlIsObjectCurrentlyValid(sd->save.version_from, sd->save.version_to)) continue;
    if (!prefilter.empty() && sd->GetName().find(prefilter) == std::string::npos) continue;
    IConsolePrint(CC_DEFAULT, "{} = {}", sd->GetName(), sd->FormatValue(&GetGameSettings()));
  }
}

void IConsoleListSettings(std::string_view prefilter)
{
  IConsolePrint(CC_HELP, "All settings with their current value:");
 
  for (auto &table : GenericSettingTables()) {
    IConsoleListSettingsTable(table, prefilter);
  }
  for (auto &table : PrivateSettingTables()) {
    IConsoleListSettingsTable(table, prefilter);
  }
  for (auto &table : SecretSettingTables()) {
    IConsoleListSettingsTable(table, prefilter);
  }
 
  IConsolePrint(CC_HELP, "Use 'setting' command to change a value.");
}
 
ScriptConfigSettings::ScriptConfigSettings()
{
  /* Instantiate here, because unique_ptr needs a complete type. */
}

ScriptConfigSettings::~ScriptConfigSettings()
{
  /* Instantiate here, because unique_ptr needs a complete type. */
}
 
ScriptConfigSettings::ScriptConfigSettings(const ScriptConfigSettings &other)
{
  *this = other;
}
 
ScriptConfigSettings &ScriptConfigSettings::operator=(const ScriptConfigSettings &other)
{
  for (CompanyID c = CompanyID::Begin(); c < MAX_COMPANIES; ++c) {
    if (other.ai[c] != nullptr) {
      this->ai[c] = std::make_unique<AIConfig>(*other.ai[c]);
    }
  }
  if (other.game != nullptr) {
    this->game = std::make_unique<GameConfig>(*other.game);
  }
  return *this;
}